Local Success Stories
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Local Success Stories |
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Norway |
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Name of Example |
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20-30 km North-east of Oslo |
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The Initiative |
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Skedsmo is a municipality in the county of Akershus nearby Oslo, the capital of Norway, and is a fast growing municipality, today number 14 in Norway measured by population. (47.000 inhabitants) . Lillestrøm is the town in Skedsmo where a huge development of district heating and cooling system is happening these days. Akershus Energi is a company with long and strong history hydropower, The latest 5 years Akershus Energi has established a significant district heating business in the Akershus county, with a goal to save 120.000 tons of CO2 in the region. The initiatives and ambitions for DHC in Skedsmo can be separated in tree steps.
Step 1: A new part of Lillestrøm was built about years 2000 and this was a trigger for Skesdmo to secure an energy solution for the future, and the district heating company was established to supply the new part of the Lillestrøm with district heating and cooling. Location of the Norwegian Traid Fare in this new part of town secured a big consumer of heating and cooling. A 4,3 MW heat pump using sewage water was built in 2001. The DHC company was partly owned by Akershus Energi and the sewage water company Step 2: In 2006/2007 Akershus Energi took a 100 % ownership in the district heating company and made a plan for district heating and cooling for the rest of Lillestrøm. The municipality of Skedsmo understood that district heating would be by far the most important contribution to reduce the climate gas emissions, and two main decisions was made to support these plans. a) Skedsmo decided to remove all oil boilers in their own buildings within 2017. b) Skedsmo decided to implement connection of duty for all new building with an area more than 300 m2. Furthermore the location of a second energy plant north in Lillestrøm was supported by the municipality. Step 3: The good climate for cooperation and common interests regarding use of renewable energy and local recourses for Akershus Energi as the DHC company, the municipality of Skedsmo (both administration and the politicians), R&D-institutions and the university (HiAk) led to ambitious development of the plans and further cooperation.
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Nature of the impact |
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1) Renewable energy Akershus Energy has a goal to be in front of the district heating companies in Norway regarding use of renewable energy. Since the municipality of Skedsmo had the ambition to remove fossil energy sources it was a good match and a driver for what is achieved so far. 2) Akershus EnergiPark The heat pump using sewage water in south of Lillestrøm is now connected in the heating network to a new energy plant in north of Lillestrøm. The new energy plant will be finished spring 2010 an will be the “heart” in Akershus EnergiPark. This plant is so far the largest energy plant based on wood ships in Norway. Since the energy is produced from wet/moist wood chips, fuel gas condensation technology is used, and the system is also supported by an absorption heat pump to secure maximal effect from the system. Further can be mentioned that the peak and reserve capacity is based on renewable oil - basically TME. Additionally a 5 km gas pipe is built for us of landfill gas at the plant. A part of the landfill gas will also be used for hydrogen production in a filling station for cars at the energy park. Finally the plan for realising the first big scale solar heating system in Norway seems to be a reality at Akershus EnergiPark. 3) Some figures: Heat pump - sewage water: 4,3 MW heat – 6 MW cooling Cooling machine – river water: 3,5 MW Cooling machine (peak)- air: 3,0 MW (2011) Bio- wood chips : 20 MW (including Boilers – peak/reserve: 50 MW (renewable oil) Landfill Gas boiler: 1,5 MW Solar panels: 10.000 m2 panels (planned 2012) Accumulator: 1.200 m3 Heating network: today 20 km will expand to 40 km Cooling network: today 6 km, will expand to 11 km Heating: sales 2009, 30,5 GWh - fully developed approx. 150 GWh Cooling: sales 2009, 1,5 GWh – fully developed approx. 15 GWh For security of supply the plant has its own reserve generator for electricity The energy flexibility is unique and, Akershus EnergiPark will be a full scale laboratory for R&D institutes and university in the region, and seems to be the most important arena for renewable energy in Norway. Total investment 600 million Euro, governmental subsidies (Enova) 90 mill Euro. The new energy plant at Akershus Energipark  
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Main Barriers |
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DH network crossing national or county roads, expensive to drill instead of digging, incomptatible guidelines from Norwegian Public Roads Administration. Low District heating prices low due too low electricity prises. Contacts: Skedsmo kommune, www.skedsmo.kommune.no Ordfører: Anita Orlund ordforer@skedsmo.kommune.noTlf:66938242Mob:94870901
DH company: Akershus Fjernvarme, Managing
Director Frank Sagvik
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Example X: Hamar municipality, Norway
Hamar municipality, located some 120 kilometers north of Oslo, has shown exceptional local initiative as concerns establishment and use of district heating, based on renewable biomass. The town of Hamar is at the heart of Norway’s main forestry area, and is therefore very well suited for large-scale production of biomass. The district heating system is fuelled by wood chips from logs, waste from grain and waste from the forestry industry. The initiative of Hamar municipality (and other municipalities in the region, Hedmark county and Oppland county), has no doubt acted as catalysts to establish the region as the principal bioenergy region in Norway. As a result, the region has the largest ambitions today in Norway as regards the use of bioenergy for district heating and combined heat and power production (CHP). The goal is 1 terrawatthour district heating and CHP in the region.
Hamar municipality has worked extensively to promote district heating, and to include district heating in their official policies, regulations and plans. The municipality is one of two major owners of the regional energy group of companies: Eidsiva Energi AS. Hamar is in constant dialogue with Eidsiva Energi concerning district heating plans and projects. As a result, Eidsiva Energi established its own bioenergy/district heating company three years ago: Eidsiva Bioenergi AS. Today this company has 30 employees and 10 major projects in the region. The regional bioenergy/district heating projects are expected to create some 300-500 new jobs in the region, and has contributed greatly to create a lot of positive attention to bioenergy/district heating also nationally in Norway. The project also involves the establishment of an industrial production chain for biomass. Interestingly, Hamar and Eidsiva are also collaborating in an innovative special project, to facilitate and build bicycle roads on top of the district heating pipes, as part of the plans for the new incinerator to be ready in 2011 and Hamar municipality’s environmental plans.
Hamar municipality decided early on that they wanted public buildings to be connected to district heating. Hamar is promoting district heating in all its plans and regulations regarding town planning, building regulations, energy- and climate plans, etc. The municipality is the first to include mandatory connection to district heating for new public buildings in their official plans and regulations. Furthermore, the new Climate- and Energy Plan for Hamar (published in December 2009) is very explicit on the municipality’s extensive plans to use biomass district heating as much as possible. The plan explicitly states that the municipality shall include regulations for use of renewable district heating in all its plans as regards town planning and public buildings.
As a result of these efforts, the use of district heating in Hamar municipality’s energy mix has increased dramatically since 2000. In the year 2000 the use of district heating in Hamar was 1 GWh – in 2008 the use had gone up to 51,7 GWh – almost 10 per cent of the total energy use in Hamar (the rest is electricity produced from hydro power). District heating in Hamar may not, first and foremost, have contributed towards the use of more renewable energy, but mainly and not least important, towards replacing renewable electricity as the main heating source for buildings – thus releasing electricity for other purposes. At the same time, and as important, the municipality is making use of its own local fuel resources which would otherwise go to waste, or be exported (waste and biomass).
There are currently four district heating plants (one is under construction) in Hamar, as follows:
· Two interconnected plants: Børstad plant, established in 2002 and Storhammar plant, established in 2008 (50 GWh together). Fuel: Wood chips and waste from grain.
· Trehørningen incinerator will open in 2011 (200 GWh). Fuel: Household and industrial waste.
· Espern plant (provisional back-up plant for Børstad, until Trehørningen is ready), established in 2006 (12 MW). Fuel: oil.
Illustration: Børstad District Heating Plant in winter, Hamar municipality, Norway (photo: Eidsiva Energi)
